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Global Change Information System
The US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is developing and curating the (Global Change Information System (GCIS) ) to establish "data interfaces and interoperable repositories of climate and global change data which can be easily and efficiently accessed, integrated with other data sets, maintained over time and expanded as needed into the future." 〔(US Global Change Research Program, 2012. The National Global Change Research Plan 2012–2021: A Strategic Plan for the U.S. Global Change Research Program, 132 pp. )〕 The initial focus of GCIS is to support the third United States National Climate Assessment (NCA3). It will present the NCA3 report and also incorporate integrated access to inter-linked resources supporting that report. This significantly enhances transparency of the report, and also enhances the ability of decision-makers to understand the conclusions and to use the underlying data for their own purposes. The long-term goal of GCIS is to be a Web-based open and free resource for traceable and authoritative data, information, and products that cover the entire scope of climate change.〔(About the Global Change Information System )〕〔(Ma, X., Fox, P., Tilmes, C., Jacobs, K., Waple, A., 2014. Capturing and presenting provenance of global change information. Nature Climate Change 4 (6), 409-413. )〕
==Global Change and Global Change Information==
Within the scope of USGCRP, global change is about changes in the global environment, including alterations in climate, land productivity, oceans or other water resources, atmospheric composition and/or chemistry, and ecological systems, that may alter the capacity of the Earth to sustain life. Global change research covers various topics, such as study, monitoring, assessment, prediction, and information management activities to describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate the total Earth system; the unique environment that the Earth provides for life; changes that are occurring in the Earth system; and the manner in which such system, environment, and changes are influenced by human actions.〔 Data and findings associated with global change research are of great public, government, and academic concern and are used in policy and decision-making. In GCIS, the information is represented in structured format using the GCIS data models and ontology, which represent objects such as publications, publication sections, tables, figures, images, data sets, sensors, instruments, platforms, organizations, people, scientific research and activities, as well as the relationships among those objects.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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